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Former nurse sentenced to 30 years for sexually assaulting multiple inmates at Oregon's only women's prison_我的网站

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一 | 【环球网报道记者陈全实习生邱梓凡】据英国《卫报》近日报道，随着人工智能加速发展，如何避免所在职业被人工智能取代成为初入职场年轻人面临的现实问题。多位来自医疗、教育、法律、酒店、建筑和金融等行业的专家在接受采访时表述，AI可能会在短时间内改变部分岗位的工作方式，但无法完全取代人类从事这些工作。对此，专家建议称，选择涉及专业判断、人际互动、照护服务、创意表达和动手实践等方面的职业，可有效降低被AI取代的风险，从而拓宽未来职业发展空间。图片来源：视觉中国专家指出，受AI影响较大、且容易被其取代的职业往往具有工作内容高度标准化、过于依赖表格记录与文档处理功能等共同特征。

二 | 在医疗行业中，医疗秘书、药房支持、处方处理和呼叫处理团队等符合以上特征的岗位可能会最先被AI所取代；而涉及到对患者安全和治疗方案负责的岗位，如医生、护士、药剂师和其他有处方权的临床人员则很难被AI替代。英国奥什克药房（Oushk Pharmacy）联合创始人、主管药剂师希拉·马利克（Hira Malik）表示，AI可以帮助医师整理信息并提示可能潜在的风险，但它不能代替医师决定某种治疗是否安全或适合每一名患者。整形与重建外科医生里亚兹·阿加（Riaz Agha）同样认为，一些高度个性化的医疗服务同样难以完全被AI取代。 A former Oregon Department of Corrections employee who worked as a nurse at Oregon’s only women’s prison has been sentenced to 30 years in federal prison for sexually assaulting nine inmates while on the job.The man, 39-year-old Tony Daniel Klein of Clackamas County, Oregon, worked as a nurse from 2010 until January 2018 at the Coffee Creek Correctional Facility in Wilsonville, Oregon, when he abused his position of power and access to female inmates to engage in “nonconsensual sexual conduct with many female inmates entrusted to his care,” according to court documents per a statement released from the U.S. Attorney’s Office, District of Oregon.“In his position, Klein interacted with female inmates who either sought medical treatment or worked as orderlies in the prison’s medical unit, aided by his access to the women and his position of power as a corrections employee,” officials said.Klein, who was often alone with his victims, would “manufacture reasons to get them alone in secluded areas such as medical rooms, janitor’s closets, or behind privacy curtains,” the U.S. Attorney’s Office said in their statement regarding the case. “Klein made it clear to his victims that he was in a position of power over them, and they would not be believed if they tried reporting his abuse. Fearing punishment if they fought back against or reported his conduct, most of Klein’s victims submitted to his unwanted advances or endured his assaults.”A federal grand jury in Portland returned an indictment on March 8, 2022, charging Klein with multiple civil rights crimes. On July 25, 2023, a federal jury in Portland found Klein “guilty of 17 counts of depriving his victims of their constitutional right not to be subjected to cruel and unusual punishment by sexual assault and four counts of perjury.”Klein was ultimately sentenced to 360 months in federal prison and five years’ supervised release for his crimes on Tuesday.“Today’s sentence sends a clear message that using a position of authority to prey on individuals in custody will never be tolerated by the Department of Justice. Holding Tony Klein accountable for his crimes would not have been possible without the courage and resolve of the women he abused and the dedication of our partners at the FBI and Civil Rights Division,” said Natalie Wight, U.S. Attorney for the District of Oregon.Assistant Attorney General Kristen Clarke of the Justice Department’s Civil Rights Division echoed Wight’s sentiments.“The sentence in this case should send a significant message to any official working inside jails and prisons across our country, including those who provide medical care, that they will be held accountable when they sexually assault women inmates in their custody,” said Clarke. “Women detained inside jails and prisons should be able to turn to medical providers for care and not subjected to exploitation by those bent on abusing their power and position. We will listen to and investigate credible allegations put forward by people who are sexually assaulted and, where appropriate, bring federal prosecutions. The Justice Department stands ready to hold accountable those who abuse their authority by sexual assaulting people in their custody and under their care.”The case against Klein was investigated by the FBI Portland Field Office and was prosecuted by Gavin W. Bruce, Assistant U.S. Attorney for the District of Oregon, and Cameron A. Bell, Trial Attorney for the Civil Rights Division’s Criminal Section.“We know this prison sentence cannot undo the trauma Tony Klein inflicted on numerous victims, but we hope this brings them one step closer to healing,” said Kieran L. Ramsey, Special Agent in Charge of the FBI Portland Field Office. “As a state prison nurse, Klein abused his position and abused multiple women, violating the public’s trust, while doing everything he could to avoid being caught. The investigators and prosecutors should be applauded for their efforts to hold Klein accountable, but we recognize this lengthy sentence is also because of a group of brave women who came forward and helped ensure that Klein was held accountable for being a sexual predator within Coffee Creek Correctional Facility.”。他同时建议称，未来从业医师应学会正确使用AI并充分理解其优势和局限，以适应AI对这一行业带来的变化。

三 | 银行和金融业部分岗位也同样面临这一问题。彭博行业研究（Bloomberg Intelligence）高级银行业分析师托马什·诺策尔（Tomasz Noetzel）表示，与医疗行业类似，银行与金融企业中呼叫中心、客户服务、中台运营、零售网点和IT支持等涉及大量重复性任务的岗位容易受到AI影响并逐渐被其取代；而数据科学家、AI工程师、软件开发人员等技术和数据相关岗位则受到的影响较小。诺策尔认为，几乎没有银行岗位会不受AI影响，但高度依赖专业判断的岗位，如研究分析师、合规和监控分析师、风险建模专家、内部审计师等会相对更具有韧性，也更容易为从业者提供未来发展空间。除上述两个行业外，教育和早教领域同样被认为具有较强“人类属性”从而无法被AI完全替代。专家表示，在教育领域，AI同样可能会涉足行政和常规教学辅助工作，但很难取代教师与学生之间的信任关系。“从职业选择角度来看，成为教师是一个很好的选择。学生总是需要值得信任的成年人际关系来帮助他们学习。”牛津大学代际成功实验室（Generational Success Lab）创始人沙拉斯·吉万（Sharath Jeevan）认为。此外，儿童照护领域也被视为AI较难接管的领域。儿童照护机构蒂尼（Tiney）创始人布雷特·威格多茨（Brett Wigdortz）表示，虽然AI可以支持沟通和组织工作，但家长“更希望由一个真人来照顾他们的孩子”，而非冰冷的电脑程序。随着未来托育需求持续存在，儿童看护、托儿所管理、高端保姆和家教等岗位仍拥有强劲的市场需求和较好的收入潜力，为人们提供保持高需求、高灵活的就业机遇。

四 | 专家还指出，AI同样也会法律业初级岗位产生复杂影响。随着AI降低法律服务成本，律师助理和初级律师等承担了文件审查、起草初稿、整理资料和填写表格任务的岗位在一定程度上会受到AI冲击，但着也将为这些岗位从业者带来另一种机遇。来自英国线上法律服务公司法律蜂巢（Lawhive）的皮埃尔·普罗纳（Pierre Proner）分析，初级法律岗位在人工智能时代并不会消失，只是其工作内容可能会产生一定变化。初级律师可能不用再将时间花在重复性的法律和行政工作上，而是能更早接触法律判断、客户沟通以及对AI生成结果的监督任务。

五 | 英格兰及威尔士律师协会副会长布雷特·迪克森（Brett Dixon）评价称，这一改变将会为初级律师创造更多的时间和机会，从而使其获得深入思考复杂法律问题的能力。

六 | 不过，普罗纳也提醒称，法律行业未来面临的挑战之一，是当传统初级任务被AI接管后，法律机构如何重新设计从初级律师到高级律师的成长路径。

七 | 他认为当下对于法律毕业生而言，熟练掌握AI应用可能会和过去会用Word和Excel等办公软件一样重要。酒店业专家也强调称，AI无法取代酒店高质量服务中的人际连接。葡萄牙诺瓦商学院威斯蒙特旅游与酒店研究所（The Westmont Institute of Tourism and Hospitality at Nova School of Business and Economics）学术主任格雷厄姆·米勒教授（Prof.Graham Miller）表示，AI可以通过处理邮件回复等后台任务的方式，让员工把更多精力放在与客人面对面沟通中，从而为客人提供真正温暖、周到、有人情味的服务。他还强调称，酒店内一些具有创意性的岗位，如主厨等受到AI影响较小，而重复性较强的餐饮操作，例如翻汉堡、制作披萨等，未来可能更容易被自动化取代。换言之，AI可能不会淘汰所有服务岗位，但会提高对从业者“真正创造力”和“真实体验感”的要求。最后，对于土木及建筑行业而言，砌砖、木工和抹灰等动手型岗位因其技能壁垒从而免受AI冲击，并将继续为社会提供长期职业机会；而相比之下，土木行业中规划、估算等白领和行政岗位，则可能更早被AI替代。英国建筑大师联合会（Federation of Master Builders）首席执行官布莱恩·贝里（Brian Berry）呼吁，随着熟练技工岗位在AI时代展现出愈发强力的韧性，当今社会对技工职业的认知应有所改变。“调查显示，目前只有47%的父母会建议孩子从事建筑行业。